The article introduced a new definition of “drowning” (1). Most of the time we intuitively know what drowning is until someone asks us explicitly to define it. In scientific research, meaningful definitions are essential for comparability and reproducibility. Drowning has been listed as the second leading cause of death from unintentional injury in WHO reports, after road traffic accidents (2).

Civil registration is integral to the Indonesian government’s current poverty-reduction strategy, both for its ability to confer legal identity to citizens and as the principal source of the country’s vital statistics. Unfortunately, ownership of key civil registration documents, such as birth certificates and death certificates, remains exceptionally low, and governments are often unable to access timely, reliable, and comprehensive vital statistics.

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